International Association of Educators   |  ISSN: 1949-4270   |  e-ISSN: 1949-4289

Original article | Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research 2019, Vol. 14(4) 90-101

Code Switching Beliefs of Learners of Turkish as a Foreign Language: A Scale Development Study

Ahmet Akkaya & Gülnur Aydın

pp. 90 - 101   |  DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/epasr.2019.220.5   |  Manu. Number: MANU-1910-19-0001

Published online: December 25, 2019  |   Number of Views: 257  |  Number of Download: 1138


Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop a scale related to code switching beliefs of learners of Turkish as a foreign language (TFL). The 38-item Code Switching Beliefs of the Learners of Turkish as a Foreign Language Scalewas piloted with 301 students who were learning C1-level Turkish at Harran University TÖMER (Turkish Language Center) and İstanbul Aydın University TÖMER. Based on the data obtained, an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted and the finalized 17-item scale comprised the subdimensions of code switchingin the learning-teaching process, code switching by frequency, code switching by reasons and code switchingin the family and social environment. The total variance explained by this scale was calculated as 49.393% and the internal consistency value was .77. Thus, a functional scale is thought to have been developed to serve the purpose of the study.

Keywords: Code switching beliefs, Turkish language, scale development.


How to Cite this Article?

APA 6th edition
Akkaya, A. & Aydin, G. (2019). Code Switching Beliefs of Learners of Turkish as a Foreign Language: A Scale Development Study . Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 14(4), 90-101. doi: 10.29329/epasr.2019.220.5

Harvard
Akkaya, A. and Aydin, G. (2019). Code Switching Beliefs of Learners of Turkish as a Foreign Language: A Scale Development Study . Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 14(4), pp. 90-101.

Chicago 16th edition
Akkaya, Ahmet and Gulnur Aydin (2019). "Code Switching Beliefs of Learners of Turkish as a Foreign Language: A Scale Development Study ". Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research 14 (4):90-101. doi:10.29329/epasr.2019.220.5.

References
  1. Anton, M. & Dicamilla, F. J. (1999). Socio-cognitive functions of collaborative interaction in the L2 classroom. The Modern Language Journal, 83, 233-247. [Google Scholar]
  2. Atkinson, D. (1987). The mother tongue in the classroom: A neglected resource? ELT Journal, 41(4), 241-247. [Google Scholar]
  3. Auerbach, R. (1993). Reexamining English only in the ESL classroom. Tesol Quarterly, 27(1), 1-18. [Google Scholar]
  4. Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2010). Sosyal bilimler için very analizi el kitabı: İstatistik, araştırma deseni, SPSS uygulamaları ve yorum. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları. [Google Scholar]
  5. Cook, V. (2008). Second language learning and language teaching (4thEdt.). London: Hodder Education an Hachette UK Company. [Google Scholar]
  6. Coşkun-Yaşar, G. & Yıldız, S. (2018). Kod değiştirme inançları ölçeği: Bir ölçek geliştirme çalışması. Kastamonu Education Journal, 26(2), 461-473.  [Google Scholar]
  7. Çelik, S. (2008). Opening the door: An examination of mother tongue use in foreign language classrooms. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi (H. U. Journal of Education), 34, 75-85.  [Google Scholar]
  8. Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları. [Google Scholar]
  9. Eldridge, J. (1996). Code-switching in a Turkish secondary school. ELT Journal, 50(4), 303-311. [Google Scholar]
  10. Grosjean, F. (1982). Life with two languages. An introduction to bilingualism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. [Google Scholar]
  11. Grosjean, F. (2008). Studying bilinguals. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Google Scholar]
  12. Ho, R. (2014). Handbook of univariate and multivariate data analysis with IBM SPSS. NewYork: CRC Press. [Google Scholar]
  13. Hooper, D., Coughlan, J. & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60.  [Google Scholar]
  14. Horasan, S. (2014). Code-switching in EFL classrooms and the perceptions of the students and teachers. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 10(1), 31-45. [Google Scholar]
  15. Howard, M. C. (2019). Introduction to Cronbach’s Alpha. (Online erişim adresi: https://mattchoward.com/introduction-to-cronbachs-alpha/ErişimTarihi: 25.08. 2019).  [Google Scholar]
  16. Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Ankara: Asil Yayınları. [Google Scholar]
  17. Kayaoğlu, M. N. (2012). Öğretmen uygulama ve perspektifinden yabancı dil öğretiminde ana dil kullanımı. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 32, 25-35. [Google Scholar]
  18. Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and Practices of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: The Guil-Ford Press. [Google Scholar]
  19. Krashen, S. D. & Terrell, T.D. (1983). The Natural Approach: Language acquisition in the classroom. Hayward, CA. The Alemany Press. [Google Scholar]
  20. Macaro, E. (2001). Analyzing student teachers’ code-switching in foreign language classrooms: Theories and decision making. Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 531-548. [Google Scholar]
  21. Mahmutoğlu, H. & Kıcır, Z. (2013). The use of mother tongue in EFL classrooms. Lefke Avrupa Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 49-72. [Google Scholar]
  22. Numan, D. & Carter, D. (2001). Teaching English to speakers of other languages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar]
  23. Poplack, S. (1980). Sometimes I’ll start a sentence in English y termino en Espanol: toward a typology of code-switching. Linguistics, 18(7/8), 581-616. [Google Scholar]
  24. Prodromou, L. (2002). The role of the mother tongue in the classroom. IATEFl Issues, 166, 6-8. [Google Scholar]
  25. Romaine, S. (1989). Bilingualism. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. [Google Scholar]
  26. Sarıçoban, A. (2010). Should native languages be allowed in foreign language classes? Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 38, 164-178.  [Google Scholar]
  27. Sert, O. (2005). The functions in code-switching in ELT classrooms. The Internet TESL Journal, 11(8), 1-6. (Retrieved on 10.09.2019 at: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED496119.pdf). [Google Scholar]
  28. Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. [Google Scholar]
  29. Turnbull, M. (2001). There is a role for the L1 in second and foreign language teaching, but... Canadian Modern Language Review, 57(4), 531-540. [Google Scholar]
  30. Van Lier, L. (1995). The use of L1 in L2 classes. Babylonia, 2, 37-43. [Google Scholar]